Prevalence of Anaplasma spp. infection in a desert landscape region of Heshuo, Xinjiang / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the prevalence ot Anaptasmosts among human,domestic sheep and tick population in Heshuo area,southern Xinjiang and to investigate the diversity of Anaplasma species.Methods Ticks were captured from wild field and blood samples were collected from healthy residents and their domestic sheep.Indirect fluorescent assay was carried out to determine the presence of Anaplasma specific IgG antibodies in blood sample of human and goats,respectively.Nested PCR and sequence alignment of Anaplasma partial 16S rDNA were used to investigate the diversity of Anaplasma species.Results 43.31％ (55/127) of human beings and 27.50％ (55/200) of the goats were found positive forAnaplasma specific IgG.In total,367 ticks were captured,including 3 genus and 4 species,which mainly consisting of dominate Hyalomma (H.)asiaticum (47.41％) and Rhipicephalus (R.)pumilio (37.60％).5.00％ (18/360) of the questing ticks and 4.49％ (7/156) of the goat blood samples were found to have had 16S rDNA,representing Anaplasma sp.by nested PCR,but none was found from human beings.Results from sequencial alignment revealed that the positive amplicons were identified to be Anaplasma phagocytophilum (99.2％ GU046565,99.5％ GU064897 and 99.5％ AB196721)and Anaplasma central (99.2％GU064903).Conclusion Human and zoonotic anaplasmosis,which were probably transmitted by H.asiaticum and R.pumilio,were co-circulating in the desert landscape of Heshuo area,Xinjiang.

Investigation on the endemic foci of new emerged tick-borne encephalitis in Charles Hilary, Xinjiang / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the recent emerged endemic region of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) regarding its natural reserves, in Charles Hilary, northern Xinjiang and to isolate and characterize the viral geographic strain.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using indirect fluorescent assay to detect tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) specific IgG antibodies from serum of local residents including 2 unconfirmed viral encephalitis patients in 2011 spring-summer. Viruses were isolated from tick samples by inoculating BALB/c mice and BHK-21 cells. For phylogenetic analysis. TBEV NS1 gene fragments were detected by RT-PCR and then subjected to sequence alignment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1760 ticks were captured from the fields to have found that Ixodes persulcatus were dominated among the tick population. Two viral encephalitis patients were diagnosed as TBEV infection. In addition, 35.4% (23/65) local residents were detected positive for presence of TBEV specific-IgG antibodies in serum. After inoculation, morbidity and mortality of BALB/c mice were 72.9% (70/96) and 55.7% (44/79), respectively. TBEV specific-fragments were amplified from brain tissue of dead mice and cells culture supernatant. NS1 sequence alignment showed that the viral isolates were clustered into TBEV far-eastern sub-type, phylogenetically, and were mostly close to the isolates from northeastern China (99%) and Russian strain (98%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In this study, a new endemic loci of TBE was firstly described in Charles Hilary natural reserve, northern Xinjiang. TBEV geographic isolates belonged to TBEV far-eastern subtype while Ixodes persulcatus and Dermacentor silvarum played crucial roles for disease transition.</p>

The long-term evaluation of treatment for the lumbar disc herniation with the modified Love operation / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the long-term outcome of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) after the treatment with modified mini-invasive Love operation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 1995 to December 2000, 373 patients suffered from LDH underwent the modified mini-invasive Love operation. There were 250 male and 123 female patients aged from 11 to 77-years-old (with a mean of 45.0-years-old). Most patients complained of sciatica accompanying back pain. The lesion level included L3,4 in 11 patients, L4,5 in 159 patients, L5-S1 in 195 patients and L4,5 combined with L5-S1 in 8 patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average operative duration was 65 min. The average blood lose was 22 ml. The average incision length was 3.2 cm. Till September 2005, 317 patients were available at the final follow-up during the period from 5 years and a half to 10 years and 5 months. The average duration of follow-up was 7 years and 8 months. A total of 135 patients underwent the CT discogram. According to the modified Roland-Morris Dysfunction Questionnaire, 198 patients were rated as excellent, 68 as good, and 51 as fair. The excellent rate was 84.0%. The scores for young patients were higher than senile patients. Herniation recurrence occurred in 10 patients (3.2%), in which 7 patients underwent the operation of internal fixation and 1 patient preferred the conservative treatment. One patient got the spondylolisthesis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The long-term outcome of the modified mini-invasive Love operation is effective. It is a good choice for the LDH patients.</p>

Penetrance of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy individuals with mitochondrial DNA 11778 mutation in the Shanxi area / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the penetrance of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) individuals with mitochondrial DNA 11778 mutation in Shanxi.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Allele-specific PCR was used to detect mtDNA 11778 mutation in LHON patients and their families.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 17 families of the 30 families that harbored mtDNA 11778 mutation, only the probands were LHON patients. In the other 13 families, besides the probands, 72 maternal relatives carried mtDNA 11778 mutation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The penetrance of LHON individuals with mtDNA 11778 mutation in the Shanxi area is 55.6%.</p>

Experimental study on effect of gusongbao contained serum of old rats on osteoblast proliferation of rabbits / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Gusongbao (GSB) on proliferation and metabolism of osteoblast cultured in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Old rats, aged 18 months, were given GSB 1.5 g/kg, twice a day for 3 days by intragastric perfusion. Blood of the rats was collected 1 hr after the final perfusion to isolate serum for preparing, with D8900 medium, the culture media containing 7.5% or 15% GSB, which was used to culture osteoblast for 24 hrs. Besides, D8900 media containing 7.5% or 15% old rats'serum without medication, containing 20 mumol/L, sodium fluoride, and simple D8900 medium were prepared for control. The cell proliferation was detected by MTT method, and the changes of Ca2+ concentration and ALP content in supernatant of culture were also observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The osteoblast proliferation cultured in GSB serum containing medium was significantly increased than those cultured in the other control media (P < 0.01), at the same time, the Ca2+ consumption increased and the ALP content elevated significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GSB could promote the DNA synthesis, increase the utilization of Ca2+ and accelerate the growth and proliferation of osteoblast.</p>